The June employment report landed well short of expectations. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported nonfarm payrolls rose by just 57,000 in June, against a Dow Jones consensus of 115,000 and a range of Wall Street estimates that ran as high as 180,000 from more bullish shops like RSM. The unemployment rate fell to 4.2 percent from 4.3 percent, a move that would ordinarily read as a positive but instead is consistent with people leaving the labor force rather than a genuine acceleration in hiring.

Private employers added just 98,000 jobs in June, according to the ADP National Employment Report released Wednesday, missing the Dow Jones consensus of 110,000 and down sharply from May’s unrevised 122,000. The miss lands one day ahead of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ more closely watched nonfarm payrolls count for June, due Thursday.

The headline number undersells the composition problem

Nearly all of June’s job growth came from services, and within services, one sector did the heavy lifting: education and health services alone accounted for 48,000 of the 98,000 total, roughly half. Trade, transportation and utilities added 15,000, financial activities 14,000, and other services 8,000. Goods-producing industries barely registered — manufacturing added 5,000, construction just 2,000 — while natural resources and mining was the only sector to shed jobs, down 5,000. Leisure and hospitality, often read as a proxy for consumer demand, added only 2,000 positions.